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Contributions to Islam and it's ethical Teachings
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Umar Ibn Al-Khattab (RA) Leadership
Umar is one the leaders within the companions who is known as one of the most special and influential leader with a unique personality (Michael H. Hart, 1978). He is the second caliph of Islam after Abu- Bakr who took leadership from 634 to 644 CE (John Bowker,2002). During the time of his leadership, Umar had contributed to the success in the development of Islam for the future generations by gathering together material from various sources to generate the Quran, [Umar] was a founder of a great Islamic state, spread the message of Islam and conquered countries that reached to North Africa (Egypt), Sham (Syria) and Persia. In the time of his leadership, the spread and growth of Islam was rapid that by the time of Umar's death, the Muslim Empire was second only to the Chinese Empire in size.
Rules of War
Before engaging in battle, Umar took considerations of Prophet Muhammad’s instructions and directed it to his soldiers. In the Quran [60:8-9 and 2:190], fighting is allowed in cause of god against those who attack you (strictly in self- defence), while aggression and oppression are strongly condemned.
The basic rules of fighting are to not kill any child, woman, elder , any sick persons or those sitting in a place of worship, do not punish with fire(Sunan Abu Dawud), do not uproot, burn palms or cut down fruitful trees, do not slaughter an animal except for food (Sahih Bukhari, Al-Muwatta)
Umar Ibn Al Khattab (RA)
Umars Nights
Majority of Umar’s nights, he would walk the streets of Medina al Munawara and would ask the poor people about their concerns; his vision was that not a single person should be left hungry at night while he would be asleep. He would not sleep unless ‘every single stomach is full’ [Yusuf Az Zhahaby, 2015].
“The man that led the woman in distress” by Yusuf Ahmed Az Zhahaby & Imam Anwar Al Awlaki
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